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Safe Speed

Look – Out Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision. Safe Speed Every vessel shall at all times […]
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Vessels Traffic Services V.T.S.

Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) are an established maritime system for managing vessel movements in high-traffic or environmentally sensitive areas. By facilitating real-time communication, monitoring, and response, VTS improves navigational safety, operational efficiency, and environmental protection. Often compared to air traffic control systems, VTS adapts similar principles to the maritime environment to ensure adherence to international […]
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Definitions at Earth

Shape of the Earth In reality, the shape of the earth is elliptic, slightly bulked around the equator and slightly flattened in the poles.In navigation, earth is considered to be a sphere given that the errors caused by this assumption are negligible. The Movement of the Earth The earth, being a spherical isolated body in […]
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Risk of Collision

1. Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist. 2. Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of […]
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Forces Affecting The Vessel

The correct prediction of a vessel’s reaction to a specific command demands the complete comprehension of both the nature and the forces that are applied on it. There are six sources of forces that can influence a vessel. These are the propeller, the rudder, the static line, the anchorage means, the wind, and finally, the […]
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